{"id":26944,"date":"2023-09-07T13:12:34","date_gmt":"2023-09-07T06:12:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi"},"modified":"2023-09-07T13:12:34","modified_gmt":"2023-09-07T06:12:34","slug":"switch-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi","title":{"rendered":"Switch v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m &#8220;switch&#8221; v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_40 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" area-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6ace3639ecff9\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6ace3639ecff9\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Switch_la_gi\" title=\"Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Uu_diem_cua_switch\" title=\"\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a switch:\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a switch:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Chuc_nang_cua_switch\" title=\"Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch:\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Bo_chuyen_mach_Switch_va_bo_dinh_tuyen_Router_ket_noi_mang\" title=\"B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch Switch v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn Router k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng\">B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch Switch v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn Router k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Cac_chuc_nang_cua_switch_trong_mang\" title=\"C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng:\">C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Chuc_nang_cua_switch_la_gi\" title=\"Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#1_Chuyen_tiep_du_lieu\" title=\"1. Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:\">1. Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#2_Tao_ra_cac_domain_broadcast_rieng_biet\" title=\"2. T\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c domain broadcast ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t:\">2. T\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c domain broadcast ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#3_Phan_chia_va_quan_ly_bang_thong\" title=\"3. Ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng:\">3. Ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Uu_diem_va_ich_loi_khi_chon_switch\" title=\"\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i khi ch\u1ecdn switch\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i khi ch\u1ecdn switch<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#1_Toc_do_cao\" title=\"1. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao:\">1. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#2_Bao_mat_cao\" title=\"2. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao:\">2. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#3_Quan_ly_linh_hoat\" title=\"3. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd linh ho\u1ea1t:\">3. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd linh ho\u1ea1t:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#4_Tinh_linh_hoat\" title=\"4. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t:\">4. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Bo_chuyen_mach_Switch_va_bo_dinh_tuyen_Router_ket_noi_mang-2\" title=\"B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch Switch v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn Router k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng\">B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch Switch v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn Router k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#1_Switch\" title=\"1. Switch:\">1. Switch:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#2_Router\" title=\"2. Router:\">2. Router:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Hai_phan_cua_thiet_bi_trong_giong_nhau_va_thuc_hien_mot_so_chuc_nang_tuong_tu_nhung_moi_thiet_bi_co_chuc_nang_rieng_biet_cua_no_de_thuc_hien_tren_mang\" title=\"Hai ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.\">Hai ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#1_Switch-2\" title=\"1. Switch:\">1. Switch:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#2_Router-2\" title=\"2. Router:\">2. Router:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Switch_la_gi_trong_mang_Chuc_nang_cua_switch\" title=\"Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong m\u1ea1ng? Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch\">Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong m\u1ea1ng? Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Khac_biet_giua_switch_va_hub\" title=\"Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa switch v\u00e0 hub\">Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa switch v\u00e0 hub<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Switch_duoc_quan_ly_va_khong_duoc_quan_ly\" title=\"Switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\">Switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Switch_la_gi-2\" title=\"Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Chuc_nang_cua_switch_trong_mang\" title=\"Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Chuc_nang_cua_switch_trong_mang-2\" title=\"Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Switch_la_gi-3\" title=\"Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Chuc_nang_cua_switch-2\" title=\"Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Cau_tao_cua_switch\" title=\"C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a switch\">C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a switch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Switch_trong_mang_LAN\" title=\"Switch trong m\u1ea1ng LAN\">Switch trong m\u1ea1ng LAN<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Cac_loai_switch_khong_duoc_quan_ly_va_duoc_quan_ly\" title=\"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i switch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i switch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Switch_la_gi_va_chuc_nang_cua_switch\" title=\"Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch\">Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/switch-la-gi\/#Chuc_nang_cua_switch-3\" title=\"Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Switch_la_gi\"><\/span>Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Switch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi nhau theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh sao. Switch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ea7ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbp 2 trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch r\u1ed3i g\u1eedi t\u1edbi c\u1ed5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c switch tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c hub, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi hub ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng ra c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng kh\u00e1c, switch gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin trong g\u00f3i tin v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu_diem_cua_switch\"><\/span>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a switch:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong m\u1ea1ng LAN<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong m\u1ea1ng<\/li>\n<li>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Full Duplex v\u00e0 VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuc_nang_cua_switch\"><\/span>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Switch nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00edch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (Media Access Control).<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n chia m\u1ea1ng: Switch cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u VLANs \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia m\u1ea1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng con, gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng: Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Switch c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng QoS (Quality of Service) \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean giao ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bo_chuyen_mach_Switch_va_bo_dinh_tuyen_Router_ket_noi_mang\"><\/span>B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch Switch v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn Router k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Hai ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Switch:<\/strong> Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ea7ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e1y in, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN. Switch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Router:<\/strong> Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn g\u00f3i tin gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. Router s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ed5ng quan, switch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng trong khi router l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Switch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC, trong khi router \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_chuc_nang_cua_switch_trong_mang\"><\/span>C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n chia m\u1ea1ng th\u00e0nh VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng QoS (Quality of Service) \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean giao ti\u1ebfp cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i trong m\u1ea1ng LAN.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuc_nang_cua_switch_la_gi\"><\/span>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>              Switch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh sao. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a switch l\u00e0:                              <\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Chuyen_tiep_du_lieu\"><\/span>1. Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00edch, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Tao_ra_cac_domain_broadcast_rieng_biet\"><\/span>2. T\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c domain broadcast ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c domain broadcast ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng c\u1ed5ng, gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a g\u00f3i tin broadcast v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Phan_chia_va_quan_ly_bang_thong\"><\/span>3. Ph\u00e2n chia v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n chia b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ea1ng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, switch c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 VLAN (Virtual LAN) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia m\u1ea1ng \u1ea3o, QoS (Quality of Service) \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu_diem_va_ich_loi_khi_chon_switch\"><\/span>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i khi ch\u1ecdn switch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i khi ch\u1ecdn switch\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/switch_va_chuc_nang_cua_no_trong_mang_la_gi.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i khi ch\u1ecdn switch\"\/><br \/>\nSwitch mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u00edch l\u1ee3i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Toc_do_cao\"><\/span>1. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi hub truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Bao_mat_cao\"><\/span>2. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c domain broadcast ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a g\u00f3i tin broadcast. Ngo\u00e0i ra, switch c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u01b0 VLAN v\u00e0 ACL \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Quan_ly_linh_hoat\"><\/span>3. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd linh ho\u1ea1t:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eeb xa qua giao di\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean web ho\u1eb7c giao di\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Tinh_linh_hoat\"><\/span>4. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 router, firewall v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m truy c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ea1ng theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bo_chuyen_mach_Switch_va_bo_dinh_tuyen_Router_ket_noi_mang-2\"><\/span>B\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch Switch v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn Router k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Switch v\u00e0 router l\u00e0 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng. M\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Switch\"><\/span>1. Switch:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e1y in, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. Switch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN (Local Area Network) v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c domain broadcast ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng c\u1ed5ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Router\"><\/span>2. Router:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Router \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i LAN v\u1edbi WAN (Wide Area Network) ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Internet v\u1edbi LAN. Router s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i, switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN, trong khi router \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi nhau. Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng switch v\u00e0 router, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hai_phan_cua_thiet_bi_trong_giong_nhau_va_thuc_hien_mot_so_chuc_nang_tuong_tu_nhung_moi_thiet_bi_co_chuc_nang_rieng_biet_cua_no_de_thuc_hien_tren_mang\"><\/span>Hai ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Switch v\u00e0 router l\u00e0 hai lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u01b0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Switch-2\"><\/span>1. Switch:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf t\u1ea7ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (Media Access Control). Switch chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng LAN v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c domain broadcast ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng c\u1ed5ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, switch c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 VLAN (Virtual LAN) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia m\u1ea1ng \u1ea3o, QoS (Quality of Service) \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Router-2\"><\/span>2. Router:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Router l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n. Router s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, router c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 VPN (Virtual Private Network) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 switch v\u00e0 router c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Switch_la_gi_trong_mang_Chuc_nang_cua_switch\"><\/span>Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong m\u1ea1ng? Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch trong m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi nhau theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh sao. Switch \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trung t\u00e2m, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p>1. Forwarding d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Switch l\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb g\u00f3i tin nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed5ng ra \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp g\u00f3i tin \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00edch.<br \/>\n2. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh VLAN: Switch cho ph\u00e9p chia m\u1ea1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network), gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<br \/>\n3. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Switch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i trong frame v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed1t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn.<br \/>\n4. Giao ti\u1ebfp full-duplex: Switch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Full Duplex, cho ph\u00e9p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gia t\u0103ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khac_biet_giua_switch_va_hub\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa switch v\u00e0 hub<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch v\u00e0 hub l\u00e0 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/p>\n<p>1. C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng: Hub nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, trong khi switch nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 g\u1eedi t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch.<br \/>\n2. L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i: Hub chia s\u1ebb b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o n\u00f3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, switch cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh giao ti\u1ebfp song c\u00f4ng (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u) c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chia s\u1ebb b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n3. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt: Hub kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, trong khi switch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Switch_duoc_quan_ly_va_khong_duoc_quan_ly\"><\/span>Switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i switch tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng: switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 switch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<p>1. Switch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (unmanaged switch): \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng switch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eafm v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh hay thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Lo\u1ea1i switch n\u00e0y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n2. Switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (managed switch): Lo\u1ea1i switch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao h\u01a1n, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi unmanaged switch. Managed switch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 switch trong m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch, kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa switch v\u00e0 hub, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a switch s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Switch_la_gi-2\"><\/span>Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch trong m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi nhau. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh sao, trong \u0111\u00f3 switch \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f3. Switch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t Bridge nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed5ng, chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua th\u00f4ng tin. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi hub, switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9 t\u1edbi c\u1ed5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Switch c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Full Duplex \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n. <\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuc_nang_cua_switch_trong_mang\"><\/span>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p>1. Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Switch nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, m\u00e1y in v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (LAN). Theo th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00edch trong g\u00f3i tin, switch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed5ng ra \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>2. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Switch gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. M\u1ed7i c\u1ed5ng tr\u00ean switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c chia s\u1ebb t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>3. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1ed7i trong frame: Switch ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i trong c\u00e1c frame nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 g\u1eedi c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin t\u1ed1t cho \u0111\u00edch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i trong m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>4. L\u01b0u l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp: Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u1eedi \u0111i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c xung \u0111\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n<p>5. H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Full Duplex: Switch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Full Duplex \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng repeater hay hub. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>6. T\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng: Switch c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng uplink t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 switch layer 2 ho\u1eb7c switch layer 3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i switch kh\u00e1c nhau ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb gia \u0111\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u1ebfn doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn switch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 an ninh cho m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuc_nang_cua_switch_trong_mang-2\"><\/span>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi nhau. Switch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ea7ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbp 2 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a g\u00f3i tin v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n<p>1. Chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111i. Switch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a g\u00f3i tin v\u00e0 g\u1eedi ch\u00fang t\u1edbi c\u1ed5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>2. T\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ch: M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a switch l\u00e0 t\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ch, cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 song c\u00f4ng (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe v\u00e0 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng l\u00fac) th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng c\u1ed5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>3. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i trong m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>4. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt: Switch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong m\u1ea1ng, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks). VLANs cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>5. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng: Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c switch kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng uplink, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c switch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>6. Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t: Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u1ed5ng trong m\u1ea1ng. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u1ed5ng, gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap switch tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di\u1ec5n ra \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Switches kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Switch_la_gi-3\"><\/span>Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi nhau theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh sao. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng, n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1ec1. Switch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bridge nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed5ng, cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua th\u00f4ng tin. N\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi hub \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a g\u00f3i tin v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 g\u1eedi t\u1edbi c\u1ed5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, trong khi hub g\u1eedi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuc_nang_cua_switch-2\"><\/span>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m sau:<br \/>\n1. K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i: Switch cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi nhau, t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e1y in, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn camera v\u00e0 server.<br \/>\n2. Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Switch gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n3. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Switch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i trong m\u1ea1ng, gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<br \/>\n4. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt: Switch cho ph\u00e9p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin.<br \/>\n5. T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t: Switch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_tao_cua_switch\"><\/span>C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a switch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Ethernet, t\u1eeb 8 c\u1ed5ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean, cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng. M\u1ed7i c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a switch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng) v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c switch cao c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t SNMP v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 QoS.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a switch trong m\u1ea1ng. H\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i switch kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Switch_trong_mang_LAN\"><\/span>Switch trong m\u1ea1ng LAN<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Switch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ea1ng LAN v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. M\u1ed9t switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e1y in, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1edbi nhau, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a g\u00f3i tin. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t switch c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng giao ti\u1ebfp song c\u00f4ng (full-duplex), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i khi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin. Ngo\u00e0i ra, switch c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec an ninh cho m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_loai_switch_khong_duoc_quan_ly_va_duoc_quan_ly\"><\/span>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i switch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong m\u1ea1ng LAN, c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a switch: switch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Switch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb plug-and-play, kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong m\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00f4ng qua giao di\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb xa. Switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi switch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t SNMP, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 QoS (Quality of Service), cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u00e1 m\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c switch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Switch_la_gi_va_chuc_nang_cua_switch\"><\/span>Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/switch_va_chuc_nang_cua_no_trong_mang_la_gi-1.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch\"\/><br \/>\nSwitch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi nhau theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh sao. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trung t\u00e2m, switch cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e1y in, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ea1ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua th\u00f4ng tin, switch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c switch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuc_nang_cua_switch-3\"><\/span>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>1. Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: Switch l\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb g\u00f3i tin v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00edch.<br \/>\n2. T\u1ea1o m\u1ea1ng LAN: Switch cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (LAN), gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau.<br \/>\n3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111i tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn.<br \/>\n4. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng: Switch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean chia s\u1ebb.<br \/>\n5. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng: Switch cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng uplink t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c switch ho\u1eb7c router kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a switch, m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed. T\u1eeb switch kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn switch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, Switch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng LAN. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng. Switch c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng LAN ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Switch C\u01a1 L\u00e0 C\u00e1i G\u00ec? M\u1edbi Ch\u01a1i B\u00e0n Ph\u00edm C\u01a1 Th\u00ec N\u00ean Ch\u1ecdn Lo\u1ea1i N\u00e0o? | TNC Gears 101\" width=\"790\" height=\"444\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JdN-hQmH5xk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m &#8220;switch&#8221; v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng. Switch l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Switch l\u00e0&#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26942,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-khai-niem-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26944","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26944"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26944\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26942"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26944"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}