{"id":27362,"date":"2023-09-08T17:04:07","date_gmt":"2023-09-08T10:04:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi"},"modified":"2023-09-08T17:04:07","modified_gmt":"2023-09-08T10:04:07","slug":"prep-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi","title":{"rendered":"Thu\u1ed1c PrEP &#8211; Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n HIV\/AIDS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Prep l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a &#8220;prep&#8221; trong ti\u1ebfng Anh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a &#8220;preparation&#8221;, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Prep c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 thi, m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1eeb n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh hay ca ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_40 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" area-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6acfcf65f3d4b\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6acfcf65f3d4b\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#1_Thuoc_PrEP_la_gi\" title=\"1. Thu\u1ed1c PrEP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">1. Thu\u1ed1c PrEP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Hai_hoat_chat_trong_thuoc_PrEP\" title=\"Hai ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t trong thu\u1ed1c PrEP\">Hai ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t trong thu\u1ed1c PrEP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Loi_ich_cua_thuoc_PrEP\" title=\"L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP\">L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#2_Tac_dung_cua_thuoc_PrEP_trong_phong_chong_HIV\" title=\"2. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP trong ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng HIV\">2. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP trong ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng HIV<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Tang_cuong_su_bao_ve_truoc_nguy_co_lay_nhiem_HIV\" title=\"T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV\">T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Giup_kiem_soat_dich_benh_HIVAIDS\" title=\"Gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh HIV\/AIDS\">Gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh HIV\/AIDS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#3_Doi_tuong_su_dung_thuoc_PrEP\" title=\"3. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP\">3. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Nhung_nguoi_co_nguy_co_cao_lay_nhiem_HIV\" title=\"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Nhung_nguoi_muon_bao_ve_ban_than_khoi_HIV\" title=\"Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi HIV\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi HIV<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#4_Cach_su_dung_thuoc_PrEP_dung_cach\" title=\"4. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch\">4. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Tu_van_va_theo_doi_y_te_chuyen_gia\" title=\"T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i y t\u1ebf chuy\u00ean gia\">T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i y t\u1ebf chuy\u00ean gia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Su_dung_hang_ngay_va_khong_bo_sot_lieu\" title=\"S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t li\u1ec1u\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t li\u1ec1u<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#5_Tac_dung_phu_cua_thuoc_PrEP_va_cach_giam_thieu_tac_dung_phu\" title=\"5. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5\">5. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Tac_dung_phu_thuong_gap\" title=\"T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p\">T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Cach_giam_thieu_tac_dung_phu\" title=\"C\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5\">C\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#6_Nhung_dieu_can_biet_khi_su_dung_thuoc_PrEP\" title=\"6. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP\">6. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Hieu_qua_va_bao_ve_toan_dien\" title=\"Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\">Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/prep-la-gi\/#Dinh_ky_kiem_tra_y_te\" title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra y t\u1ebf\">\u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra y t\u1ebf<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Thuoc_PrEP_la_gi\"><\/span>1. Thu\u1ed1c PrEP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Thu\u1ed1c PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a virus HIV t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m HIV sang nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Thu\u1ed1c PrEP ch\u1ee9a hai ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Tenofovir v\u00e0 Emtricitabine, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean thu\u1ed1c duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Truvada.<\/p>\n<p>Truvada \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c FDA (C\u01a1 quan Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m Hoa K\u1ef3) ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2012 cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PrEP. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao cao su \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba HIV.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hai_hoat_chat_trong_thuoc_PrEP\"><\/span>Hai ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t trong thu\u1ed1c PrEP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Tenofovir: L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng retrovirus, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a enzyme reverse transcriptase &#8211; m\u1ed9t enzyme c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi r\u00fat HIV sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li>Emtricitabine: C\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng retrovirus, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Tenofovir trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i c\u1ee7a virus HIV.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi_ich_cua_thuoc_PrEP\"><\/span>L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a virus HIV t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i HIV, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m HIV.<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m HIV (nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf).<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n (kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao cao su) v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i HIV c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nhi\u1ec5m HIV cao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Tac_dung_cua_thuoc_PrEP_trong_phong_chong_HIV\"><\/span>2. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP trong ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng HIV<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tang_cuong_su_bao_ve_truoc_nguy_co_lay_nhiem_HIV\"><\/span>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1ed1c PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 virus n\u00e0y. Thu\u1ed1c PrEP ch\u1ee9a hai ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tenofovir v\u00e0 emtricitabine, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a virus HIV trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, thu\u1ed1c PrEP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV \u0111\u1ebfn 92% cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi virus.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giup_kiem_soat_dich_benh_HIVAIDS\"><\/span>Gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh HIV\/AIDS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh HIV\/AIDS \u1edf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 virus, thu\u1ed1c PrEP gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 ca m\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5m HIV v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a HIV t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m virus sang nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Doi_tuong_su_dung_thuoc_PrEP\"><\/span>3. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_nguoi_co_nguy_co_cao_lay_nhiem_HIV\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1ed1c PrEP th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV, bao g\u1ed3m:<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1eafc HIV.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00e1u ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m HIV, nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf.<br \/>\n&#8211; Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi r\u1ee7i ro cao, nh\u01b0 quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chung kim ti\u00eam.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_nguoi_muon_bao_ve_ban_than_khoi_HIV\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi HIV<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, thu\u1ed1c PrEP c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi virus HIV m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c m\u1eafc HIV ho\u1eb7c tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi r\u1ee7i ro cao.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Cach_su_dung_thuoc_PrEP_dung_cach\"><\/span>4. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"4. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/thuoc_prep_giai_phap_hieu_qua_de_ngan_chan_hiv_aids.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"4. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch\"\/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tu_van_va_theo_doi_y_te_chuyen_gia\"><\/span>T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i y t\u1ebf chuy\u00ean gia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bv\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa v\u1ec1 HIV\/AIDS ho\u1eb7c y t\u1ebf sinh s\u1ea3n. B\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_dung_hang_ngay_va_khong_bo_sot_lieu\"><\/span>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t li\u1ec1u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1ed1c PrEP ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng HIV. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecf s\u00f3t li\u1ec1u, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi virus trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, h\u00e3y th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Tac_dung_phu_cua_thuoc_PrEP_va_cach_giam_thieu_tac_dung_phu\"><\/span>5. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_dung_phu_thuong_gap\"><\/span>T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c PrEP bao g\u1ed3m bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_giam_thieu_tac_dung_phu\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3:<br \/>\n&#8211; U\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1eefa \u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu ti\u00eau h\u00f3a.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u01b0 duy tr\u00ec l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c.<br \/>\n&#8211; Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Nhung_dieu_can_biet_khi_su_dung_thuoc_PrEP\"><\/span>6. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"6. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/thuoc_prep_giai_phap_hieu_qua_de_ngan_chan_hiv_aids-1.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"6. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP\"\/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hieu_qua_va_bao_ve_toan_dien\"><\/span>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1ed1c PrEP ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 giang mai, s\u00f9i m\u00e0o g\u00e0 hay vi\u00eam gan B. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 bao cao su \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh_ky_kiem_tra_y_te\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3m tra y t\u1ebf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c PrEP, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi virus HIV hay kh\u00f4ng. B\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra y t\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>Prep l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb &#8220;preparation&#8221; trong ti\u1ebfng Anh, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 y t\u1ebf, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 thao, prep \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 prep r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"B\u1ea1n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft: PrEP T\u00ccNH HU\u1ed0NG (ED-PrEP) L\u00c0 G\u00cc? | SNEAKSHOW\" width=\"790\" height=\"444\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5uG7mKbe7GE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prep l\u00e0 g\u00ec? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a &#8220;prep&#8221; trong ti\u1ebfng Anh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a &#8220;preparation&#8221;, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a&#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27360,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27362","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-khai-niem-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27362","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27362"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27362\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27362"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27362"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27362"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}