{"id":27926,"date":"2023-09-11T10:43:58","date_gmt":"2023-09-11T03:43:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi"},"modified":"2023-09-11T10:43:58","modified_gmt":"2023-09-11T03:43:58","slug":"dong-dien-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi","title":{"rendered":"D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t mang \u0111i\u1ec7n theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u1eed nhanh ch\u00f3ng di chuy\u1ec3n qua m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_40 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" area-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6acfc19237430\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6acfc19237430\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#1_Nguon_goc_va_su_phat_trien_cua_dong_dien\" title=\"1. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n\">1. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Cac_thanh_tuu_quan_trong\" title=\"C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u quan tr\u1ecdng:\">C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Ung_dung_cua_dong_dien\" title=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n:\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#2_Nang_luong_mat_troi_va_viec_khai_thac_no_de_tao_ra_dien\" title=\"2. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n\">2. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Khai_niem_ve_nang_luong_mat_troi\" title=\"Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Khai_thac_nang_luong_mat_troi_de_tao_ra_dien\" title=\"Khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n\">Khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Huong_dan_su_dung_he_thong_pin_mat_troi\" title=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Uu_diem_cua_khai_thac_nang_luong_mat_troi\" title=\"\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#3_Nang_luong_gio_va_cach_su_dung_tuabin_de_tao_ra_dien\" title=\"3. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tuabin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n\">3. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tuabin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Khai_niem_ve_nang_luong_gio\" title=\"Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Su_dung_tuabin_de_tao_ra_dien\" title=\"S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tuabin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tuabin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Cac_yeu_to_anh_huong_den_hieu_suat_cua_tuabin_gio\" title=\"C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tuabin gi\u00f3\">C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tuabin gi\u00f3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#Uu_diem_cua_khai_thac_nang_luong_gio\" title=\"\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#4_Nguon_nang_luong_tu_thuy_dien_va_vai_tro_cua_cac_con_dap_trong_viec_san_xuat_dien\" title=\"4. Ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n\">4. Ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#41_Thuy_dien_la_gi\" title=\"4.1 Th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">4.1 Th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#42_Vai_tro_cua_cac_con_dap_trong_viec_san_xuat_dien\" title=\"4.2 Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n\">4.2 Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#5_Ban_chat_cua_dong_dien_trong_kim_loai_chat_dien_phan_chat_khi_va_chat_ban_dan\" title=\"5. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kim lo\u1ea1i, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn\">5. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kim lo\u1ea1i, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#51_Dong_dien_trong_kim_loai\" title=\"5.1 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kim lo\u1ea1i\">5.1 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kim lo\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#52_Dong_dien_trong_chat_dien_phan\" title=\"5.2 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n\">5.2 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#53_Dong_dien_trong_chat_khi\" title=\"5.3 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed\">5.3 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#54_Dong_dien_trong_chat_ban_dan\" title=\"5.4 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn\">5.4 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#6_Cong_suat_dien_va_cach_tinh_toan_cong_suat_tieu_thu_cua_thiet_bi_dien\" title=\"6. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n\">6. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#61_Cong_suat_dien_la_gi\" title=\"6.1 C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">6.1 C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/dong-dien-la-gi\/#62_Cach_tinh_toan_cong_suat_tieu_thu_cua_thiet_bi_dien\" title=\"6.2 C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n\">6.2 C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Nguon_goc_va_su_phat_trien_cua_dong_dien\"><\/span>1. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"1. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dong_dien_la_hien_tuong_chuyen_dich_cac_hat_mang_dien_theo_mot_huong_nhat_dinh.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"1. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u1eeb trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 electron v\u00e0 proton, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n qua l\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i. Khi c\u00e1c electron di chuy\u1ec3n, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18 khi Benjamin Franklin ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Alessandro Volta ph\u00e1t minh ra pin Volta, cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Thomas Edison sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t minh ra b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cho c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_thanh_tuu_quan_trong\"><\/span>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u quan tr\u1ecdng:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Ph\u00e1t minh pin Volta<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e1t minh b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_dung_cua_dong_dien\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed &#8211; t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, TV,&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Nang_luong_mat_troi_va_viec_khai_thac_no_de_tao_ra_dien\"><\/span>2. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"2. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dong_dien_la_hien_tuong_chuyen_dich_cac_hat_mang_dien_theo_mot_huong_nhat_dinh-1.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"2. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n\"\/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem_ve_nang_luong_mat_troi\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 photon, khi ch\u00fang va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_thac_nang_luong_mat_troi_de_tao_ra_dien\"><\/span>Khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (solar panels) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu nhi\u1ec7t (solar thermal systems). H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin photovoltaic \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, trong khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu nhi\u1ec7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong_dan_su_dung_he_thong_pin_mat_troi\"><\/span>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam.<br \/>\n&#8211; X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5m pin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ty.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i (inverter) \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng DC th\u00e0nh AC, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u00e0.<br \/>\n&#8211; L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu_diem_cua_khai_thac_nang_luong_mat_troi\"><\/span>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&#8211; N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon dioxide.<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Nang_luong_gio_va_cach_su_dung_tuabin_de_tao_ra_dien\"><\/span>3. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tuabin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem_ve_nang_luong_gio\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed di chuy\u1ec3n do s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ee9c \u00e9p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tuabin gi\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_dung_tuabin_de_tao_ra_dien\"><\/span>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tuabin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tuabin gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh quay khi c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i qua. Khi c\u00e1nh quay, c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a tuabin s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c tuabin gi\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i ho\u1eb7c ven bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_yeu_to_anh_huong_den_hieu_suat_cua_tuabin_gio\"><\/span>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tuabin gi\u00f3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3: T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 c\u00e0ng cao, tuabin gi\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t: Tuabin gi\u00f3 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t: C\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ecbn s\u1ebd gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m ma s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tuabin gi\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu_diem_cua_khai_thac_nang_luong_gio\"><\/span>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khai th\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&#8211; N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon dioxide.<br \/>\n&#8211; Tuabin gi\u00f3 c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, do \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<br \/>\n&#8211; Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tuabin gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00fap \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Nguon_nang_luong_tu_thuy_dien_va_vai_tro_cua_cac_con_dap_trong_viec_san_xuat_dien\"><\/span>4. Ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"41_Thuy_dien_la_gi\"><\/span>4.1 Th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp, \u0111\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"42_Vai_tro_cua_cac_con_dap_trong_viec_san_xuat_dien\"><\/span>4.2 Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c con \u0111\u1eadp c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, c\u1eeda van c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y qua m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ee9c \u00e9p v\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 quay c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 sinh ra \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Ban_chat_cua_dong_dien_trong_kim_loai_chat_dien_phan_chat_khi_va_chat_ban_dan\"><\/span>5. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kim lo\u1ea1i, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"51_Dong_dien_trong_kim_loai\"><\/span>5.1 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kim lo\u1ea1i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong kim lo\u1ea1i, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c electron n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 do qua c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"52_Dong_dien_trong_chat_dien_phan\"><\/span>5.2 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n ly c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ion d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u00e2m. C\u00e1c ion n\u00e0y di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng trong dung d\u1ecbch, t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"53_Dong_dien_trong_chat_khi\"><\/span>5.3 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron ho\u1eb7c ion trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ion h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i ion h\u00f3a khi kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"54_Dong_dien_trong_chat_ban_dan\"><\/span>5.4 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn nh\u01b0 silic v\u00e0 germani c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh, gi\u1eefa kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Cong_suat_dien_va_cach_tinh_toan_cong_suat_tieu_thu_cua_thiet_bi_dien\"><\/span>6. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"61_Cong_suat_dien_la_gi\"><\/span>6.1 C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 watt (W).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"62_Cach_tinh_toan_cong_suat_tieu_thu_cua_thiet_bi_dien\"><\/span>6.2 C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t (W) = \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p (V) x D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (A). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch qua m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt d\u1eabn. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00fap ta \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n.<br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u0110i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u (AC) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (DC) c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau?\" width=\"790\" height=\"444\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/f3eZpwlQL5o?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u1eed nhanh ch\u00f3ng di chuy\u1ec3n qua m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i&#8230;. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":27924,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-khai-niem-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27926"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27926\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27924"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}