{"id":28113,"date":"2023-09-11T10:56:27","date_gmt":"2023-09-11T03:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi"},"modified":"2023-09-11T10:56:27","modified_gmt":"2023-09-11T03:56:27","slug":"n-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;N l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&#8221; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef c\u00e1i &#8220;n&#8221; trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00eam v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a &#8220;n&#8221; v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t!<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_40 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" area-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6acf2512f21cf\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6acf2512f21cf\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#1_So_tu_nhien_la_gi\" title=\"1. S\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">1. S\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Tinh_chat_cua_so_tu_nhien\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean:\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean:<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Vi_du\" title=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#2_Tap_hop_N_va_N_khac_nhau_nhu_the_nao\" title=\"2. T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N v\u00e0 N* kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\">2. T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N v\u00e0 N* kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Vi_du-2\" title=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#3_Bieu_dien_so_tu_nhien_tren_tia_so\" title=\"3. Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean tia s\u1ed1\">3. Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean tia s\u1ed1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Bieu_dien_so_tu_nhien_bang_tia_so\" title=\"Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng tia s\u1ed1\">Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng tia s\u1ed1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Vi_du-3\" title=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Bieu_dien_so_tu_nhien_bang_hinh_hoc\" title=\"Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc\">Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Vi_du-4\" title=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#4_Tinh_chat_cua_day_so_tu_nhien\" title=\"4. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\">4. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Tinh_chat_lien_tuc\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Tinh_chat_vo_han\" title=\"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#5_Cac_phep_toan_tren_tap_hop_so_tu_nhien\" title=\"5. C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\">5. C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Cong\" title=\"C\u1ed9ng\">C\u1ed9ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Tru\" title=\"Tr\u1eeb\">Tr\u1eeb<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Nhan\" title=\"Nh\u00e2n\">Nh\u00e2n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Chia\" title=\"Chia\">Chia<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#6_Cac_loai_so_khac_trong_toan_hoc\" title=\"6. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc\">6. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#So_nguyen\" title=\"S\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean\">S\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#So_chan_va_so_le\" title=\"S\u1ed1 ch\u1eb5n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u1ebb\">S\u1ed1 ch\u1eb5n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u1ebb<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/n-la-gi\/#Vi_du-5\" title=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5:\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_So_tu_nhien_la_gi\"><\/span>1. S\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u00e2m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n. T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 N.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 1 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 1, 2, 3, 4,&#8230;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_cua_so_tu_nhien\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed7i s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed7i s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (tr\u1eeb s\u1ed1 1) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi_du\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Cho t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N = {1, 2, 3}. S\u1ed1 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a 1 l\u00e0 2 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. S\u1ed1 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a 2 l\u00e0 3 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 1. S\u1ed1 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a 3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 2.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Tap_hop_N_va_N_khac_nhau_nhu_the_nao\"><\/span>2. T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N v\u00e0 N* kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N* l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng, bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb 1 tr\u1edf \u0111i. T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N* \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 {1, 2, 3,&#8230;}.<\/p>\n<p>Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 0 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 {0, 1, 2, 3,&#8230;}.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi_du-2\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N* = {1, 2, 3,&#8230;}<\/li>\n<li>T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N = {0, 1, 2, 3,&#8230;}<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>V\u1eady ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N* ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng trong khi t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Bieu_dien_so_tu_nhien_tren_tia_so\"><\/span>3. Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean tia s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"3. Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean tia s\u1ed1\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/kham_pha_ve_khai_niem_so_tu_nhien_va_tinh_chat_cua_no.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"3. Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u00ean tia s\u1ed1\"\/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bieu_dien_so_tu_nhien_bang_tia_so\"><\/span>Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng tia s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tia s\u1ed1. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 cm ho\u1eb7c inch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfm c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ed1c \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed 0 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cm l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, th\u00ec s\u1ed1 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 1cm t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1 2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 2cm t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi_du-3\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110i\u1ec3m g\u1ed1c: O<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: cm<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1ed1 1: A (kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch OA = 1cm)<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1ed1 2: B (kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch OB = 2cm)<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1ed1 3: C (kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch OC = 3cm)<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bieu_dien_so_tu_nhien_bang_hinh_hoc\"><\/span>Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng tia s\u1ed1, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh tam gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. M\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u00fang theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u00e9 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi_du-4\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&#8211; H\u00ecnh 1: H\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh 1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00ecnh 2: H\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh 2 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<br \/>\n&#8211; H\u00ecnh 3: H\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh 3 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Tinh_chat_cua_day_so_tu_nhien\"><\/span>4. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_lien_tuc\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>D\u00e3y s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sau m\u1ed7i s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ti\u1ebfp theo. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, sau s\u1ed1 1 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 2, sau s\u1ed1 2 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 3, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_chat_vo_han\"><\/span>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>D\u00e3y s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfm v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1edbi m\u00e3i m\u00e3i.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Cac_phep_toan_tren_tap_hop_so_tu_nhien\"><\/span>5. C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"5. C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/kham_pha_ve_khai_niem_so_tu_nhien_va_tinh_chat_cua_no-1.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"5. C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\"\/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong\"><\/span>C\u1ed9ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u00e9p c\u1ed9ng hai s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hai s\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1edbi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1 + 2 = 3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tru\"><\/span>Tr\u1eeb<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u00e9p tr\u1eeb hai s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y \u0111i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, 5 &#8211; 2 = 3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhan\"><\/span>Nh\u00e2n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n hai s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, 2 x 3 = 6.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chia\"><\/span>Chia<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u00e9p chia hai s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c chia m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p chia. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, 6 \u00f7 2 = 3 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p chia l\u00e0 6 : 2 = 3.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Cac_loai_so_khac_trong_toan_hoc\"><\/span>6. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_nguyen\"><\/span>S\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>S\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 0. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_chan_va_so_le\"><\/span>S\u1ed1 ch\u1eb5n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u1ebb<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>S\u1ed1 ch\u1eb5n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia h\u1ebft cho 2 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, 2, 4, 6 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 ch\u1eb5n. S\u1ed1 l\u1ebb l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia h\u1ebft cho 2 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, 1, 3, 5 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi_du-5\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&#8211; S\u1ed1 ch\u1eb5n: -4 (ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia h\u1ebft cho 2)<br \/>\n&#8211; S\u1ed1 l\u1ebb: -5 (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia h\u1ebft cho 2)<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a &#8220;n l\u00e0 g\u00ec&#8221;. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n.<br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u \u2208, \u2209, \u2282 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p N, Z, Q - To\u00e1n l\u1edbp 7 - C\u00f4 V\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ea1nh (D\u1ec4 HI\u1ec2U NH\u1ea4T)\" width=\"790\" height=\"444\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4NM93n7lfNQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;N l\u00e0 g\u00ec?&#8221; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u00fd&#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28111,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-khai-niem-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28113","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28113"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28113\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28113"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}