{"id":28967,"date":"2023-09-13T08:55:41","date_gmt":"2023-09-13T01:55:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi"},"modified":"2023-09-13T08:55:41","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T01:55:41","slug":"nodejs-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi","title":{"rendered":"Node.js &#8211; L\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh JavaScript runtime hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Node.js l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean JavaScript runtime V8 c\u1ee7a Google Chrome. V\u1edbi Node.js, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a JavaScript \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<br \/>\n1. <\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_40 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" area-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6ace61626d51f\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6ace61626d51f\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Nodejs\" title=\"Node.js\">Node.js<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Moi_truong_chay_JavaScript\" title=\"M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y JavaScript\">M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y JavaScript<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Trinh_bien_dich_JavaScript_V8\" title=\"Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch JavaScript V8\">Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch JavaScript V8<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Vai_tro_cua_V8_trong_Nodejs\" title=\"Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a V8 trong Node.js\">Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a V8 trong Node.js<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Cac_tinh_nang_cua_V8\" title=\"C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a V8\">C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a V8<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Ryan_Lienhart_Dahl\" title=\"Ryan Lienhart Dahl\">Ryan Lienhart Dahl<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Dong_gop_cua_Ryan_Lienhart_Dahl_vao_Nodejs\" title=\"\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Ryan Lienhart Dahl v\u00e0o Node.js\">\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Ryan Lienhart Dahl v\u00e0o Node.js<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Dac_diem_cua_Nodejs_do_Ryan_Lienhart_Dahl_tao_ra\" title=\"\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Node.js do Ryan Lienhart Dahl t\u1ea1o ra\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Node.js do Ryan Lienhart Dahl t\u1ea1o ra<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Ung_dung_doc_lap\" title=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#DocGhi_khong_chan\" title=\"\u0110\u1ecdc\/Ghi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n\">\u0110\u1ecdc\/Ghi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Kien_truc_dua_tren_su_kien\" title=\"Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n\">Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Npm_Quan_ly_Goi_Node\" title=\"Npm (Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd G\u00f3i Node)\">Npm (Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd G\u00f3i Node)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Ham_Require\" title=\"H\u00e0m Require\">H\u00e0m Require<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Module_Node\" title=\"Module Node\">Module Node<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Cac_module_tich_hop_san\" title=\"C\u00e1c module t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n\">C\u00e1c module t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/nodejs-la-gi\/#Moi_truong_chay_C_V8\" title=\"M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y C++ V8\">M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y C++ V8<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nodejs\"><\/span>Node.js<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Node.js l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean JavaScript. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p vi\u1ebft m\u00e3 JavaScript ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1y trong tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Node.js s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh non-blocking I\/O \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>Node.js \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y JavaScript V8, m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Google. V8 bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch m\u00e3 JavaScript th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Node.js cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng, giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c API RESTful.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi Node.js, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 PHP ho\u1eb7c Ruby on Rails. Node.js \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<p>2. <\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moi_truong_chay_JavaScript\"><\/span>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y JavaScript<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y JavaScript\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/node_js_lam_quen_voi_nen_tang_lap_trinh_javascript_runtime_hieu_qua.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y JavaScript\"\/><br \/>\nM\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y JavaScript l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n JavaScript \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi. Trong tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y JavaScript l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0 Chrome, Firefox ho\u1eb7c Safari. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi Node.js, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n JavaScript c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1y b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>Node.js s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch JavaScript V8 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. V8 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Google cho vi\u1ec7c bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 JavaScript nhanh h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n JavaScript \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh m\u00e3 m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y JavaScript cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ph\u00eda m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, giao ti\u1ebfp qua c\u00e1c giao di\u1ec7n l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (API), v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trinh_bien_dich_JavaScript_V8\"><\/span>Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch JavaScript V8<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch JavaScript V8 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Google. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 JavaScript tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Node.js. V8 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c thi nhanh nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai_tro_cua_V8_trong_Nodejs\"><\/span>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a V8 trong Node.js<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>V8 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong Node.js b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 JavaScript. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p Node.js x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. V\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng, V8 gi\u00fap Node.js x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_tinh_nang_cua_V8\"><\/span>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a V8<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c thi nhanh: V8 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 JavaScript nhanh nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng: V8 cho ph\u00e9p Node.js x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e3: V8 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c thi v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ryan_Lienhart_Dahl\"><\/span>Ryan Lienhart Dahl<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Ryan Lienhart Dahl\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/node_js_lam_quen_voi_nen_tang_lap_trinh_javascript_runtime_hieu_qua.jpg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"Ryan Lienhart Dahl\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Ryan Lienhart Dahl l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Node.js. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Node.js v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng JavaScript.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dong_gop_cua_Ryan_Lienhart_Dahl_vao_Nodejs\"><\/span>\u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a Ryan Lienhart Dahl v\u00e0o Node.js<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ryan Lienhart Dahl \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra Node.js khi \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Santa Cruz. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JavaScript tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Node.js d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t Chrome V8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web.<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dac_diem_cua_Nodejs_do_Ryan_Lienhart_Dahl_tao_ra\"><\/span>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Node.js do Ryan Lienhart Dahl t\u1ea1o ra<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>X\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n: Node.js cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JavaScript: Node.js s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef JavaScript \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 HTML v\u00e0 CSS.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a lu\u1ed3ng: Node.js c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Note: The provided information is fictional and for illustrative purposes only.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_dung_doc_lap\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp trong Node.js cho ph\u00e9p vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi Node.js, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng desktop, command-line tools ho\u1eb7c server-side applications m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Java ho\u1eb7c.NET. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DocGhi_khong_chan\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecdc\/Ghi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Trong Node.js, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n (non-blocking I\/O) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng I\/O ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, Node.js s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c trong khi I\/O \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 I\/O nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi file, truy v\u1ea5n c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi\/nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kien_truc_dua_tren_su_kien\"><\/span>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Node.js s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n (event-driven architecture) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ea1y theo m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh duy nh\u1ea5t, Node.js c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i (callback).<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Npm_Quan_ly_Goi_Node\"><\/span>Npm (Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd G\u00f3i Node)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Npm (Node Package Manager) l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd g\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong Node.js. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf c\u00e1c g\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a Node.js t\u1eeb kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef npm.<\/p>\n<p>Npm cung c\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n g\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c g\u00f3i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Express (framework web), Mongoose (ORM cho MongoDB) ho\u1eb7c Socket.io (th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n realtime).<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ham_Require\"><\/span>H\u00e0m Require<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Trong Node.js, h\u00e0m require \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c module v\u00e0o trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. H\u00e0m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c module v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n<p>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0m require, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 import c\u00e1c module do ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c vi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Module_Node\"><\/span>Module Node<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Trong Node.js, module l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ch\u1ee9a m\u00e3 JavaScript c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed7i file JavaScript trong Node.js \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t module ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>Module Node.js cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n chia nh\u1ecf m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 export c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn, h\u00e0m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb module \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c module kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a exports.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_module_tich_hop_san\"><\/span>C\u00e1c module t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Node.js \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 module t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng qua API \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 module quan tr\u1ecdng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>http:<\/strong> Cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>fs:<\/strong> Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi file.<\/li>\n<li><strong>path:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn file v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>os:<\/strong> Cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moi_truong_chay_C_V8\"><\/span>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y C++ V8<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y C++ V8 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Node.js. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o JavaScript hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1edfi Google, cho ph\u00e9p Node.js th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 JavaScript nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>V8 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch JIT (Just-In-Time) v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap Node.js \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, Node.js l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t. V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n lu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng JavaScript c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu \u00edch, Node.js \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.<br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"#1 WHY NODE ? NODE.JS L\u00c0 C\u00c1I QU\u00c1I G\u00cc  | Node.JS C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n Cho Beginners T\u1eeb A \u0110\u1ebfn Z\" width=\"790\" height=\"444\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/v4pgci2s980?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Node.js l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean JavaScript runtime V8 c\u1ee7a Google Chrome. V\u1edbi Node.js, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y&#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28965,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28967","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-khai-niem-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28967","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28967"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28967\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28967"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28967"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28967"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}