<\/span><\/h2>\nGNP<\/strong> (Gross National Product) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. GNP \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\nGNP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u00eam c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trong qu\u1ed1c gia, bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c gia. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n
<\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/h3>\nM\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 GNP l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh v\u00e0o GNP c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, GNP kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n M\u1ef9 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
<\/span>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/span><\/h3>\n\n- GNP cho ph\u00e9p xem x\u00e9t t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/li>\n
- N\u00f3 gi\u00fap \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>2. So s\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GDP<\/span><\/h2>\n![\"2.](\"https:\/\/rs.tima.vn\/staticFile\/img-news\/2022\/6\/2022639_gnp-la-gi.jpg\" "\\"2.")
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<\/span>2.1 Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 GNP v\u00e0 GDP<\/span><\/h3>\nCh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP (Gross National Product) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GDP (Gross Domestic Product) \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa hai ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
GNP \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, GDP ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n hay doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc hay t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
<\/span>2.2 S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa GNP v\u00e0 GDP<\/span><\/h3>\nS\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa GNP v\u00e0 GDP l\u00e0 \u1edf vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp ngo\u1ea1i vi (income from abroad). GNP bao g\u1ed3m thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp ngo\u1ea1i vi, trong khi GDP kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thu nh\u1eadp n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 GNP s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 thu nh\u1eadp m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, trong khi GDP ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 mang v\u1ec1 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh v\u00e0o GDP c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh v\u00e0o GNP c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, thu nh\u1eadp m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty M\u1ef9 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh v\u00e0o GNP c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n
<\/span>2.2.1 C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh GNP<\/span><\/h4>\nC\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh GNP l\u00e0: GNP = GDP + Thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp ngo\u1ea1i vi<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng GNP bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 GDP v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp ngo\u1ea1i vi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa hai ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
<\/span>2.2.2 C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh GDP<\/span><\/h4>\nC\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh GDP l\u00e0: GDP = C + I + G + (X – M)<\/p>\n
Trong \u0111\u00f3:
\n– C \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n
\n– I \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0
\n– G \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7
\n– X \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5
\n– M \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n hay doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc hay t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
<\/span>3. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP<\/span><\/h3>\nCh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP (Gross National Product) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
<\/span>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP<\/span><\/h3>\nC\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP l\u00e0: GNP = GDP + thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i – thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, GDP (Gross Domestic Product) l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP, ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 GDP c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
<\/span>4. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a GNP \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span><\/h2>\nCh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. GNP cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia theo th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu GNP t\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu GNP gi\u1ea3m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n
<\/span>5. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m\/d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong GNP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>\n![\"5.](\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/y_nghia_cua_chi_so_gnp_va_su_khac_biet_so_voi_gdp.jpg\" "\\"5.")
<\/p>\n
<\/span>5.1 S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/span><\/h3>\nS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong GNP bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 \u00f4 t\u00f4, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a GNP v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
<\/span>5.2 D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/span><\/h3>\nNgo\u00e0i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a GNP. D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 du l\u1ecbch, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, y t\u1ebf, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i thu nh\u1eadp cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
<\/span>6. C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh GNP d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean GDP<\/span><\/h2>\n\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n GNP d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean GDP, ta c\u1ea7n th\u00eam v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u GDP c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 tr\u1eeb \u0111i s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh GNP d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean GDP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
GNP = GDP + Thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i – Thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/p>\n
C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
<\/span>7. C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh GNP d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m chi ti\u00eau<\/span><\/h2>\nC\u00e1ch t\u00ednh GNP d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m chi ti\u00eau s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n chi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb GNP. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh GNP theo kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m chi ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
GNP = Chi ti\u00eau ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng + \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 + Chi ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 + (Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u – Nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u)<\/p>\n
Trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, chi ti\u00eau ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chi cho h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, chi ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chi ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u tr\u1eeb \u0111i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n GNP d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n chi ti\u00eau trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
<\/span>8. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>8.1 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP<\/span><\/h3>\nCh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP (Gross National Product) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GNP \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n GNP, ta c\u1ed9ng t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 xem h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc hay \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
<\/span>8.2 T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP<\/span><\/h3>\nCh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, GNP gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu GNP t\u0103ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng thu h\u00fat \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
Th\u1ee9 hai, GNP cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 thu nh\u1eadp trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu GNP cao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi ti\u00eau nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n
Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, GNP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t GNP cao cho th\u1ea5y qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
<\/span>9. M\u1eb7t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>9.1 S\u1ef1 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf<\/span><\/h3>\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 GNP kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n hay m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
<\/span>9.2 Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 thu nh\u1eadp<\/span><\/h3>\nM\u1ed9t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a GNP l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 thu nh\u1eadp trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. D\u00f9 GNP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu thu nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p GNP v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (HDI) ho\u1eb7c Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Ung th\u01b0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (HDI).<\/p>\n
<\/span>10. So s\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GDP (kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh)<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa GNP v\u00e0 GDP<\/span><\/h3>\nCh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP (Gross National Product) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GDP (Gross Domestic Product) \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa hai ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
– GNP \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, GDP ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
– \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n GNP, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bao g\u1ed3m thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n GDP, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
<\/span>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh<\/span><\/h4>\nC\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh GNP: GNP = GDP + Thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i – Thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n
C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh GDP: GDP = C + I + G + (X – M)
\nTrong \u0111\u00f3:
\n– C l\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n
\n– I l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0
\n– G l\u00e0 chi ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7
\n– X l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u
\n– M l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u<\/p>\n
<\/span>11. \u00dd ngh\u0129a ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u1ee7a GNP v\u00e0 GDP<\/span><\/h2>\nCh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP v\u00e0 GDP c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
– GNP cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
– GDP ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
C\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
<\/span>12. T\u00ednh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP v\u00e0 GDP<\/span><\/h2>\nCh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 GNP v\u00e0 GDP c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n
– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7: Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GNP v\u00e0 GDP \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n thu ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p: C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GNP v\u00e0 GDP \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0: Nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GNP v\u00e0 GDP \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng sinh l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia kinh t\u1ebf: GNP v\u00e0 GDP l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kinh t\u1ebf trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia kinh t\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GNP v\u00e0 GDP \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn, first date l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1eb9n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gi\u1eefa hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng quan h\u1ec7. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1, tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nhau. Trong first date, c\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t cho m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo.
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