{"id":30326,"date":"2023-09-17T22:17:41","date_gmt":"2023-09-17T15:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi"},"modified":"2023-09-17T22:17:41","modified_gmt":"2023-09-17T15:17:41","slug":"protocol-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi","title":{"rendered":"Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol &#8211; Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 giao th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn Z"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 &#8216;protocol l\u00e0 g\u00ec&#8217; v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a protocol trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ngay!&#8221;<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_40 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" area-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6ad048a4659ec\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6ad048a4659ec\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Protocol_la_gi\" title=\"Protocol l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">Protocol l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Tinh_toan_ven_va_dang_tin_cay\" title=\"T\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady\">T\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Quy_tac_va_quy_dinh\" title=\"Quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh\">Quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Dong_bo_hoa_du_lieu\" title=\"\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\">\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Giao_thuc_Protocol_la_gi\" title=\"Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Khai_niem\" title=\"Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Cau_truc\" title=\"C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Co_che_hoat_dong_cua_giao_thuc_Protocol\" title=\"C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol\">C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Chuc_nang_co_ban_cua_giao_thuc_Protocol\" title=\"Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol\">Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Xac_dinh_dia_chi\" title=\"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9\">X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Dam_bao_tinh_toan_ven_du_lieu\" title=\"\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\">\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Quan_ly_luong_thong_tin\" title=\"Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng tin\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng tin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Cac_giao_thuc_Protocol_thuong_gap_tren_internet\" title=\"C\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c Protocol th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p tr\u00ean internet\">C\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c Protocol th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p tr\u00ean internet<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Ung_dung_pho_bien_cua_giao_thuc_Protocol\" title=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/protocol-la-gi\/#Han_che_cua_giao_thuc_Protocol\" title=\"H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol\">H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Protocol_la_gi\"><\/span>Protocol l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Protocol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Protocol \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tinh_toan_ven_va_dang_tin_cay\"><\/span>T\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tin, giao th\u1ee9c Protocol \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i g\u00f3i tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn k\u00e8m c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t, sai s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i n\u1ebfu c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quy_tac_va_quy_dinh\"><\/span>Quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ki\u1ec3u m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dong_bo_hoa_du_lieu\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c Protocol x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giao_thuc_Protocol_la_gi\"><\/span>Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem\"><\/span>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau_truc\"><\/span>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol bao g\u1ed3m hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh: giao th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd (Physical Layer Protocol) v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c logic (Logical Layer Protocol). Giao th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1p m\u1ea1ng, s\u00f3ng radio hay \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Giao th\u1ee9c logic qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 router hay switch.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_che_hoat_dong_cua_giao_thuc_Protocol\"><\/span>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc &#8220;g\u1eedi &#8211; nh\u1eadn&#8221; (send-receive). Khi hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng tin cho nhau, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch, ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i, x\u1eed l\u00fd xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuc_nang_co_ban_cua_giao_thuc_Protocol\"><\/span>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Xac_dinh_dia_chi\"><\/span>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i g\u1eedi v\u00e0 n\u01a1i nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dam_bao_tinh_toan_ven_du_lieu\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quan_ly_luong_thong_tin\"><\/span>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lu\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng tin<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c Protocol gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac_giao_thuc_Protocol_thuong_gap_tren_internet\"><\/span>C\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c Protocol th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p tr\u00ean internet<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; TCP\/IP: Giao th\u1ee9c TCP\/IP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ea1ng internet. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; HTTP: Giao th\u1ee9c HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c trang web v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; FTP: Giao th\u1ee9c FTP (File Transfer Protocol) cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c file gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung_dung_pho_bien_cua_giao_thuc_Protocol\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8211; Email: Giao th\u1ee9c SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn email qua m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn: C\u00e1c tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c UDP (User Datagram Protocol) \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; VoIP: Giao th\u1ee9c SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi tho\u1ea1i qua internet, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Han_che_cua_giao_thuc_Protocol\"><\/span>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/giao_thuc_protocol_kham_pha_giao_thuc_tu_a_den_z.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a giao th\u1ee9c Protocol\"\/><br \/>\n&#8211; B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao, khi\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, giao th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<br \/>\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Internet, Protocol l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" width=\"790\" height=\"444\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/sarCb4PctOs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 &#8216;protocol l\u00e0 g\u00ec&#8217; v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm&#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30325,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30326","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-khai-niem-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30326","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30326"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30326\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30325"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30326"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30326"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30326"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}