{"id":30794,"date":"2023-09-22T23:45:56","date_gmt":"2023-09-22T16:45:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2"},"modified":"2023-09-22T23:45:56","modified_gmt":"2023-09-22T16:45:56","slug":"van-hoc-la-gi-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2","title":{"rendered":"V\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc!<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_40 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" area-label=\"ez-toc-toggle-icon-1\"><label for=\"item-6ace29121d6cb\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;direction:ltr;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6ace29121d6cb\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#1_Van_hoc_la_gi\" title=\"1. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\">1. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#2_Y_nghia_cua_van_hoc_trong_cuoc_song_hang_ngay\" title=\"2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.\">2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#3_Su_phat_trien_va_lich_su_hinh_thanh_cua_van_hoc\" title=\"3. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.\">3. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#4_Van_chuong_va_van_hoc_su_khac_biet_va_moi_quan_he_giua_hai_khai_niem_nay\" title=\"4. V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y.\">4. V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#5_Cac_the_loai_van_hoc_truyen_ngan_tieu_thuyet_kich_tho_ly_luan_phe_binh\" title=\"5. C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn, ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, k\u1ecbch, th\u01a1, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh.\">5. C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn, ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, k\u1ecbch, th\u01a1, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#6_Yeu_to_co_ban_trong_tac_pham_van_hoc_de_tai_chu_de_tu_tuong_nhan_vat_ket_cau_va_ngon_tu_nghe_thuat\" title=\"6. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.\">6. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#7_Tam_quan_trong_cua_yeu_to_co_ban_trong_viec_lam_noi_bat_noi_dung_trong_tac_pham_van_hoc\" title=\"7. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.\">7. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#8_Su_anh_huong_cua_ngon_tu_nghe_thuat_trong_viec_truyen_dat_thong_diep_cua_tac_pham_van_hoc\" title=\"8. S\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.\">8. S\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#9_Moi_quan_he_giua_van_hoc_va_cuoc_song_xa_hoi_-_con_nguoi\" title=\"9. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i &#8211; con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\">9. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i &#8211; con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/van-hoc-la-gi-2\/#10_Vai_tro_cua_nha_van_trong_sang_tao_va_tai_hien_lai_cac_hien_tuong_doi_song_qua_van_chuong\" title=\"10. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n trong s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng qua v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng.\">10. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n trong s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng qua v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Van_hoc_la_gi\"><\/span>1. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>V\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u1eb1m truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n, suy ngh\u0129, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn, k\u1ecbch, th\u01a1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh. M\u1ed7i th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i ni\u1ec1m vui cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap cho ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xung quanh, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Y_nghia_cua_van_hoc_trong_cuoc_song_hang_ngay\"><\/span>2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>V\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a to l\u1edbn trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>Khi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, t\u01b0 duy logic v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 suy lu\u1eadn, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Su_phat_trien_va_lich_su_hinh_thanh_cua_van_hoc\"><\/span>3. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>V\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m qua. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 qua vi\u1ec7c k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u. Sau \u0111\u00f3, khi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian. T\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Homer nh\u01b0 &#8220;Iliad&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;Odyssey&#8221;, cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Trung C\u1ed5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Dante Alighieri nh\u01b0 &#8220;\u0110\u1ecba Ng\u1ee5c&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;L\u01b0\u1ee1i Trai&#8221;, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 v\u0103n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n anh h\u00f9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, chi\u1ebfn tranh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Van_chuong_va_van_hoc_su_khac_biet_va_moi_quan_he_giua_hai_khai_niem_nay\"><\/span>4. V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u0103n xu\u00f4i, th\u01a1, ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n b\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t, mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Cac_the_loai_van_hoc_truyen_ngan_tieu_thuyet_kich_tho_ly_luan_phe_binh\"><\/span>5. C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn, ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, k\u1ecbch, th\u01a1, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn, th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0i trang. Truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn bi k\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n<p>Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc d\u00e0i, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ecbch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u01a1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7u, th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p tu t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Th\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Yeu_to_co_ban_trong_tac_pham_van_hoc_de_tai_chu_de_tu_tuong_nhan_vat_ket_cau_va_ngon_tu_nghe_thuat\"><\/span>6. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc: \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i: \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p s\u00e2u xa m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t qua c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n hay m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i su\u1ed1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng: T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c tri\u1ebft l\u00fd m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u00e2n sinh ho\u1eb7c tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt: Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 qua ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh, t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u: K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp logic c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac. K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt: Ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e2m thanh, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t, so sanh, tu t\u1eeb v\u00e0 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Tam_quan_trong_cua_yeu_to_co_ban_trong_viec_lam_noi_bat_noi_dung_trong_tac_pham_van_hoc\"><\/span>7. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"7. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/van_hoc_la_gi_yeu_to_co_ban_the_hien_trong_tac_pham_van_hoc.jpg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"7. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.\"\/><br \/>\nC\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 tranh lu\u1eadn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n. H\u1ecd mang l\u1ea1i t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn cho c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e2m thanh, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac s\u00e2u s\u1eafc cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 s\u00e2u xa v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Su_anh_huong_cua_ngon_tu_nghe_thuat_trong_viec_truyen_dat_thong_diep_cua_tac_pham_van_hoc\"><\/span>8. S\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t, so sanh, tu t\u1eeb v\u00e0 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3, ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e2m thanh, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt gi\u00fap t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac s\u00e2u s\u1eafc cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e2m thanh nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng r\u1ec1n vang, ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng reo hay ti\u1ebfng gi\u00f3 r\u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. N\u00f3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, l\u00e0m cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Moi_quan_he_giua_van_hoc_va_cuoc_song_xa_hoi_-_con_nguoi\"><\/span>9. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i &#8211; con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"9. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i - con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\" src=\"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/van_hoc_la_gi_yeu_to_co_ban_the_hien_trong_tac_pham_van_hoc.jpeg\" style=\"text-align: center; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0 auto;\" title=\"9. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i - con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\"\/><br \/>\nM\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i &#8211; con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0o trang s\u00e1ch, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c khu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 s\u00e2u xa, g\u1ee3i l\u00ean c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c lan truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, s\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n \u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i &#8211; con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng xung quanh, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i &#8211; con ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p cho t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng qua v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Vai_tro_cua_nha_van_trong_sang_tao_va_tai_hien_lai_cac_hien_tuong_doi_song_qua_van_chuong\"><\/span>10. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n trong s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng qua v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n<p>V\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i xung quanh. Qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. V\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 suy ng\u1eabm v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u0103n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac&#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30792,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30794","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-khai-niem-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30794"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30794\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30792"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30794"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30794"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ungdung.hotronghiencuu.com\/open\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}